{"id":5225,"date":"2024-11-04T14:32:37","date_gmt":"2024-11-04T14:32:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/egyptedp.org\/?p=5225"},"modified":"2025-06-12T12:30:17","modified_gmt":"2025-06-12T12:30:17","slug":"budget-and-fiscal-policies-what-the-books-actually-say","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/egyptedp.org\/ar\/budget-and-fiscal-policies-what-the-books-actually-say\/","title":{"rendered":"Budget and Fiscal Policies \u2013 What the Books Actually Say"},"content":{"rendered":"<table width=\"778\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\" width=\"778\">This chapter provides an in-depth analysis of fiscal policy and budgetary reforms in Egypt, by focusing on budget classification systems and budgetary approaches, and evaluating budget institutions throughout the budget cycle. It also traces the evolution of the key fiscal policy aggregates from the pre-1980s era to the recent reforms, in eight sub-periods divided based on prevailing economic conditions and the fiscal policy behavior. The analysis reveals that strengthening budgetary institutions and implementing a comprehensive set of public financial management reforms are essential for improving Egypt\u2019s fiscal performance. Yet, it is crucial to accurately identify and address the existing institutional and political economy barriers for the implementation of these reforms.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This chapter provides an in-depth analysis of fiscal policy and budgetary reforms in Egypt, by focusing on budget classification systems and budgetary approaches, and evaluating budget institutions throughout the budget cycle. It also traces the evolution of the key fiscal policy aggregates from the pre-1980s era to the recent reforms, in eight sub-periods divided based on prevailing economic conditions and the fiscal policy behavior. The analysis reveals that strengthening budgetary institutions and implementing a comprehensive set of public financial management reforms are essential for improving Egypt\u2019s fiscal performance. Yet, it is crucial to accurately identify and address the existing institutional and political economy barriers for the implementation of these reforms. &nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5166,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[120],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5225","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-working-papers"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/egyptedp.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5225","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/egyptedp.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/egyptedp.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egyptedp.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egyptedp.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5225"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/egyptedp.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5225\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6870,"href":"https:\/\/egyptedp.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5225\/revisions\/6870"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egyptedp.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5166"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/egyptedp.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5225"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egyptedp.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5225"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egyptedp.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5225"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}