Egyptian women face substantial labor market obstacles. Studies investigate why women in certain Middle East and North African (MENA) countries have lower employment rates and higher unemployment compared to others (Assaad et al. 2020b; Hayo and Tobias 2013; Hendy 2015; Nazier and Ramadan 2018). Enhancing women’s labor force participation, both directly and indirectly, in the short and long term (Pignatti 2020), is essential for women’s empowerment. Despite progress in educational attainment, Egyptian women remain underrepresented in the workforce due to structural, cultural, and economic barriers. This contradiction indicates the presence of substantial obstacles to women’s economic empowerment. This chapter examines the economic empowerment of women in Egypt, focusing on trends in female labor force participation, sectoral preferences, and the major challenges faced by Egyptian women both within the household sphere and in the labor market. This study also reviews recent government policies aimed at promoting gender equity in the workforce and suggests areas for policy reform to support sustainable increases in women’s employment.