The Process of Legislation in Egypt

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The Process of Legislation in Egypt

Abstract

This chapter will review and analyze the process of economic rulemaking in Egypt. It will attempt to explore the effectiveness, transparency and standards of governance for economic legislation in Egypt. This will be done by considering the constitutional framework, the role of government in proposing economic legislation, the role of political parties if any, in addition to the preliminary process for review and ratification of economic laws. It will also consider the role played by business associations, chamber of commerce, labor unions, in addition to business lobbies of various forms. This chapter will consider rulemaking to include in addition to laws issued by parliament, various forum of “secondary legislation” including implementation and executive decrees and decisions. It will also review the process by which such secondary legislation is proposed, drafted, discussed and finally issued by various members of the executive authority. Finally, the chapter will consider the extent to which such rules are properly and sufficiently disseminated in society, especially among the commercial and economic players. Although the focus of the chapter will be economic rulemaking during the last three decades, it will provide a brief overview of the subject matter starting from the liberal period of the 1930s and 40s, the social period of the 1950s and 60s, and the transitionary period of 1970s, 80s and 90s. 
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